Energy is the blood that drives social development. With technological innovation and progress, human society has undergone three major energy revolutions, evolving from high-carbon energy to low-carbon and carbon-free energy.

In recent years, China has also taken an active part in global carbon emission reduction, actively conforming to the global trend of green and low-carbon development, and proposed to achieve carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutral by 2060. In order to achieve this "double carbon" goal, apart from energy conservation, vigorously developing new energy is also the key.

What is the "new energy" that everyone is concerned about? What are the classifications and features? Next for everyone to introduce one by one!

One: What is new energy

New energy, also known as unconventional energy, refers to various forms of energy other than traditional energy. It refers to the energy that has just been developed and utilized or is being actively studied and to be promoted. It is of great significance to solve the serious environmental pollution and resource (especially fossil energy) exhaustion in today's world.

Its various forms come directly or indirectly from the heat generated by the sun or the earth's interior. These include solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, water and ocean energy, as well as biofuels and hydrogen derived from renewable sources. The development of new energy industry is not only an effective supplementary means of the whole energy supply system, but also an important measure of environmental governance and ecological protection, and the final energy choice to meet the needs of sustainable development of human society.

Two: several main new energy sources

1) solar

Solar energy is the energy generated by the continuous nuclear fusion reaction process inside the sun, and its utilization is mainly concentrated in solar power generation, solar heating and other aspects. With the progress of science and technology, solar photovoltaic power generation is being widely used. China's solar energy resources are very rich, in addition to power generation, the use of solar energy has solar collector, solar greenhouse, solar drying, solar refrigeration and so on.

2) wind

Wind energy resource is the kinetic energy generated by air flow, which has the characteristics of wide distribution and low energy density. It is suitable for local development and nearby utilization. However, wind energy is greatly affected by meteorological conditions and the power output is not stable. On windy days, a lot of power can be generated, but when weather conditions change and wind speed drops, power output will be affected.

3) geothermal energy

Geothermal energy is the natural heat drawn from the earth's crust. It comes from the molten rock inside the Earth and exists as heat. It has the characteristics of clean environmental protection, wide use, good stability and recyclable utilization. Compared with wind and solar energy, it is not affected by seasonal, climate, day and night changes and other external factors. It is a realistic and competitive new energy.

4) the ocean

Ocean energy refers to renewable energy that is attached to seawater. The ocean receives, stores and emits energy through various physical and chemical processes, which exist in the ocean in the form of waves, currents, tides, temperature differences, salt differences and so on. As a country with a long coastline and numerous islands, China is rich in Marine energy resources and has great potential for exploitation of Marine energy.

5) Biomass energy

Biomass energy refers to the energy form of solar energy stored in biomass in the form of chemical energy, which basically comes from the photosynthesis of green plants on earth and can be converted into conventional solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. Plants wither and bloom, spring breeze again, so it is an inexhaustible, inexhaustible renewable energy. Many countries in the world have been actively researching and developing biomass energy, and China is rich in biomass energy resources.

6) nuclear power

Nuclear energy refers to the energy released by fission or fusion of atomic nuclei, also known as atomic energy. Nuclear power generation is low-carbon and environmentally friendly, and the earth is rich in nuclear energy, but nuclear waste reprocessing and peaceful use of nuclear energy is still a long way to go.

Three: common features of new energy

1) Abundant resources, renewable and sustainable for human use;

2) The energy density is low, and large space is needed for development and utilization;

3) No carbon or very little carbon, little impact on the environment;

4) Wide distribution, conducive to small-scale decentralized utilization;

5) Intermittent supply, high volatility, adverse to continued supply;

6) At present, except for hydropower, the development and utilization cost of renewable energy is higher than that of fossil energy.

Four: the ending

In the face of increasingly severe global problems such as climate change, environmental risks and challenges, and energy and resource constraints, it is urgent to replace old energy with new energy.

At present, the domestic carbon peak, carbon neutrality target has also been clear, from the current form, "low carbon or zero carbon" bell has been deep into most of the traditional fossil energy industry, in order to achieve carbon peak 2030, new energy will undoubtedly become the main force of energy increment!